人民法院应用电子卷宗的理论基础、实践考察与制度完善

摘要

我国人民法院对电子卷宗的应用已走在世界前列,全国各级法院积极开展了各具特色的应用实践。但整体而言,这种变革尚处于“摸着石头过河”的探索阶段,顶层设计亟待完善,相关法律法规相对滞后。电子卷宗的推广应用,不但对人民法院保障案件卷宗的真实性、有效性等提出了新的要求,还为阅卷权等诉权的行使带来了新的挑战。在信息化背景下重新审视电子卷宗应用的正当性基础,结合对人民法院应用电子卷宗实践现状及问题的实证考察分析,将有助于对电子卷宗的法律性质、功能效用等做出更为清晰、合理的厘定。而同时,以此作为检验、完善电子卷宗应用机制的依据与准则,方能促进形成更具针对性、可行性的解决电子卷宗生成、管理、移送、查阅等相关问题的对策建议。

关键词：电子卷宗电子诉讼档案法全流程无纸化办案功能等同原则

Abstract

At present, the application of electronic case files by the people's courts of Republic of China has already taken the lead in the world, and the courts at various levels have actively carried out the application practice with their own characteristics. However, as a whole, this kind of reform is still in the exploratory stage of ''crossing the river by feeling the stones'', the top-level design needs to be improved, and the relevant laws and regulations lag behind relatively. The generalization of the application of electronic case files not only puts forward new requirements for the people's courts to guarantee the authenticity and validity of case files, but also brings new challenges to the exercise of litigation rights such as the right to review files. Re-examining the legitimate basis of the application of electronic case files under the background of information technology, combined with the empirical investigation and analysis of the current situation and problems of the practice of electronic case files in the people's courts, would be helpful to make a clearer and more reasonable determination of the legal nature, function and utility of electronic case files. At the same time, it could be used as the basis and criterion for testing and improving the application mechanism of electronic case files, so as to promote the formation of more targeted and feasible measures and suggestions to solve the problems related to the generation, management, transfer and review of electronic case files.

Key words: electronic case file; online litigation; archives law; the whole process of paperless case processing; functional equivalence principle

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