档案法规标准2022年第36卷第1期《档案学研究》
被遗忘权对档案工作的影响
The Impact of the Right to Be Forgotten on Archival Work
中国人民大学信息资源管理学院 北京 100872
摘要
被遗忘权是技术变革和法律制衡的产物,旨在调和记忆和遗忘的关系。探讨被遗忘权对档案工作的影响,有助于论证被遗忘权本土化的可行性和操作性。围绕被遗忘权的立法环境和档案管理实践,总结出被遗忘权对档案工作不同层面的影响:对档案收集而言,来源背景考察趋于复杂、个人隐私信息识别困难、面临移交机构的“删除行为”;对档案鉴定而言,要求重新审视档案价值的主体有用性,需要反思档案鉴定的取向和依据,突显档案保管期限的功能和作用;对档案处置而言,目前存在两种做法,包括反对被遗忘权而坚持原有归档方案、避免事后问责而灵活调整销毁计划,这体现出伦理反思下保守主义与激进主义的对抗;对档案利用而言,需要重视档案泄露中的适用规范,面临封闭期档案检索的控制行为,还需把握档案开放与隐私保护的平衡。
关键词:被遗忘权档案工作档案鉴定文件保管期限个人隐私
Abstract
The right to be forgotten(RTBF)is a product of technological changes and legal balances, and aims to reconcile the relationship between memorizing and forgetting. Discussing the impact of the RTBF on archival work will help to demonstrate the feasibility and operability of the localization of the RTBF. Regarding the legislative environment and archival management practices surrounding the RTBF, the impact of the RTBF on different levels of archival work is summed up: For archival collection, the provenance background investigation tends to be complicated, the identification of personal privacy information is difficult, and face the "delete behavior" of the transfer agency. For archival appraisal, it's required to re-examine the usefulness of the subject of archival value, and it's necessary to reflect on the orientation and basis and highlight the function and role of archival storage period. For archival disposal, there are currently two approaches, including opposing the RTBF and adhering to the original archiving plan, avoiding subsequent accountability and flexibly adjusting the destruction plan. This reflects the confrontation between conservatism and radicalism under ethical reflection. For the archival utilization, it is necessary to pay attention to the applicable norms in the issue of archival leakage,and face the control of archival retrieval during the closed period, and grasp the balance between archives opening and privacy protection.
Key words: the right to be forgotten; archival work; archival appraisal; archival retention period; personal privacy
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