档案史料研究2017年第31卷第3期《档案学研究》
土地买卖与海岛社会——基于清代舟山展茅史家宗族契约文书的考察
Land Transaction and Island Society——A Study Based on Contracts of the Shi Clan in Zhanmao Village of Zhoushan During the Qing Dynasty
浙江海洋大学人文学院 浙江舟山 316022
摘要
新发现的舟山展茅史氏家族土地买卖契约,为研究清代舟山地区的土地买卖及东部海岛社会的经济状况和民间生活提供了新的宝贵资料。这批契约文书集中反映了康、雍、乾三朝展茅的社会状况,每次买卖数量很小,属于典型的小农买卖,买卖反映出展茅农民生活困苦。契约中反映的土地价格在不同时期各不相同,很难从中找出规律性信息,但它们却能明显体现出当时的宗族文化。契约文书种类繁多,与明清时期浙江以契约方式确定土地的占有和使用及其转移的普遍盛行方式相吻合。契约文书反映出当地居民的主要生活依赖是田地和农业,反映出舟山居民的农业生活特征。
关键词:清代展茅史氏家族土地买卖契约海岛社会
Abstract
The newly found sales contracts of the Shi clan in Zhanmao village of Zhoushan provide valuable historical materials to research the land transaction in Zhoushan area of Qing Dynasty. These documents also help to study the economic status and folk life of eastern coastal areas in the period. These typical small-scale peasant contract documents mainly reflect the social situation of Zhanmao village during the Reign of Emperor Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong. Each sale had small quantity and reflected the Zhanmao peasants’ poor life. According to the contracts, the land prices were not identical in different periods. Therefore, it is difficult to find regular information, but they can obviously reflect the clan culture of the time. A variety of contract documents has been consistent with the popular contract way in Zhejiang of Ming and Qing Dynasty. The contract documents also prove that the local residents’ life mainly depended on the fields, and indicated the agricultural life characteristics of Zhoushan residents.
Key words: Qing Dynasty; Zhanmao village; the Shi clan; land sales; contract; island society
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