档案资源建设2025年第39卷第6期《档案学研究》
中国离散档案回归的现实画像与推进策略
Realistic Portrait and Promotion Strategy of the Return of China's Displaced Archives
1.中国人民大学信息资源管理学院 北京 100872 2.中国人民大学档案事业发展研究中心 北京 100872 3.中国船级社浙江分社 宁波 315042
摘要
离散档案作为全球档案领域长期关注的核心议题,对于维护国家历史记录的完整性与连续性、彰显文化主权与身份认同具有重要意义。本文从时间演变、主体结构与形式特征三个维度描绘了中国离散档案回归的现实图景,提出当前实践中仍面临意识薄弱、流失现状不清、缺乏专项方案、国际话语权较弱等突出问题。基于此,提出推进离散档案回归的多维策略,包括建立制度框架与社会参与机制、明晰档案主权归属与信息底数、构建中国特色离散档案回归路径、提升国际表达力与规则参与度。
关键词:离散档案海外流失档案数字回归
Abstract
Displaced archives, as a long-standing core issue in the global archival field, hold significant importance for preserving the integrity and continuity of national historical records while affirming cultural sovereignty and identity. This article delineates the current landscape of displaced archives repatriation in China through three dimensions: temporal evolution, subject structure, and formal characteristics. It further examines prominent issues in current practices, including insufficient awareness, unclear status of lost archives, absence of specialized initiatives, and limited international discourse power. Accordingly, multidimensional strategies are proposed to advance displaced archives repatriation: establishing institutional frameworks and social participation mechanisms, clarifying archival sovereignty and baseline information, developing China-specific repatriation pathways, and enhancing international expressive capacity and participation in rule-making.
Key words: displaced archives; overseas loss archives; digital return
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