基础理论研究2025年第39卷第3期《档案学研究》

批判视角下人工智能时代的档案工作：困境反思与职能重构

A Critical Perspective on Archival Work in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: Reflecting on Dilemmas and Reconfiguring Functions

王玉珏, 樊静雅, 侯景瑞, 王平

WANG Yujue, FAN Jingya, HOU Jingrui, WANG Ping

1 武汉大学信息管理学院武汉 430072 2 武汉大学文化遗产智能计算实验室武汉 430072 3 档案智能开发与服务国家档案局重点实验室武汉 430072 4 武汉大学政务智能与数据治理研究中心武汉 430072

出版日期2025-06-28卷期第39卷第3期页码4-12DOI10.16065/j.cnki.issn1002-1620.2025.03.001通讯作者侯景瑞

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摘要

米歇尔·卡斯韦尔等人将批判理论应用到档案学领域，所形成的“批判档案学”强调广泛关注档案背后的利益关系与意识形态等社会权力因素，成为档案批判视角的学术起点。当前，机器学习、大语言模型等技术的应用深刻影响社会发展，局限于档案本身的研究已难以应对人工智能时代的挑战，亟待基于批判视角进行反思与重塑：档案的真实性面临来自人类社会和算法权力的双重挑战，记忆性因档案工作者技术能力局限与算法主体介入而变得更加薄弱，更加多元的档案来源也带来了更加广泛的压迫与偏见。档案工作者需要重新审视人工智能时代“档案”的概念，深入理解并合理管控算法对档案的影响，坚守人类在记忆建构中的主体地位，并积极参与到哲学社会科学对数字公平正义的维护中。

关键词：批判档案学数字档案数字记忆人工智能算法偏见

Abstract

Michelle Caswell and others have applied critical theory to the field of archival studies, forming the framework of "critical archival studies", which emphasizes a broad focus on the interests and cultural contexts of power embedded in archives. This framework offers new perspectives and methodologies for the development of archival studies in the AI era, becoming an academic starting point for critical and reflective perspectives on archives. The application of digital technologies such as machine learning and large language models has profoundly influenced social development. Research confined to archives themselves is no longer sufficient to address the challenges posed by the era of artificial intelligence, necessitating reflection and transformation. Currently, the authenticity of archives faces dual challenges from human society and algorithmic power. The memorial function of archives is further weakened by the technical limitations of archival practitioners and the intervention of algorithmic entities. Additionally, the increasing diversity of archival sources in the context of human-AI collaboration has introduced broader forms of oppression and bias. In response, archival practitioners must rethink and redefine the concept of "archives" in the AI era, develop a deeper understanding of and exercise effective control over the influence of algorithms on archives, uphold the central role of humans in the construction of digital memory, and actively contribute to the efforts of philosophy and social sciences to uphold digital fairness and justice.

Key words: critical archival studies; digital archives; digital memory; artificial intelligence; algorithmic bias

引用格式

王玉珏, 樊静雅, 侯景瑞, 王平. 批判视角下人工智能时代的档案工作：困境反思与职能重构[J]. 档案学研究, 2025, 39(3): 4-12.

WANG Yujue, FAN Jingya, HOU Jingrui, WANG Ping. A Critical Perspective on Archival Work in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: Reflecting on Dilemmas and Reconfiguring Functions. Archives Science Study, 2025, 39(3): 4-12.

参考文献

展开查看参考文献（36 条）

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批判视角下人工智能时代的档案工作：困境反思与职能重构